On the subject of bullshit... look at the ingredients in some of these pre-workout mixes.
You would get the same effect with a cup of coffee and a mini snickers bar.
(I got the idea of the snickers bar from the 6-time winner of the CrossFit games)
46 year old American male software engineer of Ashkenazic descent. 5'8.5" tall, starting weight 334.1 pounds. 55+ pounds lost since November, 2022 by avoiding starch and sugar. Blogging about the lived experience of becoming not-obese with respect to diet and exercise, not bro-science or products. As you go back in time in this blog you will see an evolution of thought and practice. Each article is a snapshot in time, not a definitive argument.
